藥物引起的副作用





會引起血液惡病質 (blood dyscrasia)的藥物

Acyclovir Antidepressants, tricyclic Antidiabetic agents, oral Antiepileptics, phenytoin Captopril Carbamazepine Chloramphenicol Enalapril Haloperidol Lisinopril NSAIDs* Phenothiazines Procainamide Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole & trimethoprim

會抑制骨髓的藥物

Antithyroid agents Chloramphenicol Colchicine

會抑制中樞神經的藥物

a-Methyldopa Alcohol Anticonvulsants Antidepressants, MAOIs** Antidepressants, tricyclic Antihistamines Barbiturates Benzodiazipines Clonidine Fluoxetine Haloperidol Metoclopramide Opioid (narcotic) analgesics Phenothiazines Skeletal muscle relaxants (centrally acting)

會引起中樞神經興奮的藥物

Bronchodilators, xanthines Sympathomimetics

會引起錐體外反應的藥物

Haloperidol a-Methyldopa Metoclopramide Phenothiazines

會拮抗 folate 的藥物

Antiepileptics, phenytoin Trimethoprin

會引起溶血的藥物

Antidiabetics, oral a-Methyldopa Nitrofurantoin Procainamide Quinidine Sulfonamides Vitamin K

會誘發肝臟酵素的藥物

Alcohol (長期使用) Barbiturates Carbamazepine Glucocorticoids Griseofulvin Phenytoin Rifampin

會抑制肝臟酵素的藥物

Alcohol (急性使用) Chloramphenicol Cimetidine Diltiazem Erythromycin Estrogen-containing contraceptives,oral Isoniazid Ranitidine Verapamil

具肝毒性的藥物

Acetaminophen (長期高劑量使用或急 性過量) Alcohol Anabolic steroids Androgens Antithyroid agents Carbamazepine Erythromycin Estrogen-containing contraceptives,oral Estrogens Isoniazid a-Methyldopa Nitrofurans Phenothiazines Phenytoin Rifampin Sulfonamides

會引起高鉀血症的藥物

ACEIs*** b-Adrenergic blocking agents Digitalis glycosides (急性過量) Diuretics, potassium sparing Heparin NSAIDs* (尤其是 indomethacin) Penicillins, potassium-containing (高劑量) Potassium iodide Potassium supplements

會引起低鉀血症的藥物

Adrenocorticoids Alcohol Diuretics, loop Diuretics, thiazide Insulin Laxatives (急性過量或長期使用) Salicylates Sodium bicarbonate Vitamin B12 (巨母紅血球性貧血) Vitamin D (過量時)

會引起低血壓的藥物

Alcohol Antidepressants, MAOIs** Antidepressants, tricyclic Antihypertensives b-Adrenergic blocking agents Bromocriptine Calcium antagonists Calcium supplements, 注射 Captopril Diuretics Enalapril Haloperidol Hydralazine Levodopa Nitrates Opioid analgesics Prazosin Procainamide Quinidine

會降低體溫的藥物

a-Adrenergic blocking agents, 如 ergotamine, labetalol, b-Adrenergic blocking agents Alcohol Barbiturates (高劑量或急性過量) Clonidine Insulin Opioid analgesics Prazosin Vasodilators

具腎毒性的藥物

Acyclovir Aminoglycosides Analgesic combinations containing acetaminophen and aspirin or other salicylates (長期高劑量使用) Neomycin NSAIDs* Rifampin Sulfonamides Tetracyclines(doxycycline and minocycline 除外) 具神經毒性的藥物 Aminoglycosides (注射及局部灌洗) Carbamazepine Chloramphenicol DPT vaccine Ethambutol Isoniazid Metronidazole Mexiletine Nitrofurantoin Penicillins, 注射劑型 Phenytoin Pyridoxine (長期高劑量)

具耳毒性的藥物

Aminoglycosides (注射及局部灌洗) Erythromycins (高劑量及腎功能不全) Furosemide, 注射劑型 NSAIDs* Minocycline Salicylates (長期高劑量或過量)

會抑制血小板凝集的藥物

Aspirin Dextran Dipyridamole NSAIDs* Pentoxifylline *NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs **MAOIs: monoamine oxidase inhibitors ***ACEIs: angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors